How is feline leukemia virus primarily transmitted?

Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) is primarily transmitted through close contact and saliva exchange among cats. This is because the virus is present in high concentrations in the saliva of infected cats. When cats groom each other, share food and water dishes, or engage in fights, they may exchange saliva, which can lead to the spread of the virus. Additionally, FeLV can also be transmitted from a mother cat to her kittens during pregnancy or through nursing.

Understanding this mode of transmission underscores the importance of monitoring the social interactions of cats, particularly in multi-cat households or shelters, where the risk of spreading FeLV can be higher. While shared food or litter boxes may play a role in increasing exposure among cats, the primary transmission route remains through direct close contact and the exchange of saliva, which is why this option is correct.